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2022-08-26
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SECRETS OF THE NILE II
by Cheryl de Boissiere
Hyperbook by Fender Tucker
Text by Dave Moorman
Cheryl is back with another
journey of discovery up the ancient
river Nile. Come with us and explore
the gods and goddesses of antiquity.
The Nile and the Tigris and
Euphrates valleys served as the
cradles of civilization. One factor
was the contrast of river water and
arid countryside. The annual flooding
of the Nile brought remarkable
fertility to the land. The canal
systems irrigated productive land.
These areas also had a large
number of native grass seeds that
were fairly easy to domesticate:
wheat, barley, rye. Therefore, early
on, agricultural societies developed
in these regions.
The problem came when the regular
rhythms of nature failed. Years of
drought became famine as large,
dependent populations starved. As told
in the Genesis story of Joseph,
systems of storage of surplus were
developed. Those who controlled the
surplus became, during times of
famine, extremely powerful -- as long
as their authority could not be
questioned.
The temples of ancient Egypt were
more graneries than places of worship.
The priesthood managed distribution
under the unquestionable godhood of
the Pharoah.
In the Tigris/Euphrates basin,
building, maintaining, and protecting
the irrigation system put power in the
hands of the King and the military.
Peasants, who comprised over 80%
of the population, simply had no say
in matters of state or religion. They
were offered security by the ruling
class for a huge share of their
production. And so it was for
thousands of years.
One exception to the rule was a
loose federation of nomadic sheep
herders called, variously, Iparu or
Hebrew. They lived on the edges of
established civilizations, picking a
living off of marginal land. They had
one advantage over the landed peasants
who depended on canal or botom land
for sustenance; sheep are easier to
move than land!
These are the ancient realities
at play in Genesis and Exodus. And
these ancient realities are still the
foundation of civilization and
religion -- though well covered by
so-called progress.
DMM